Marx
Karl Marx (1818-83) is the towering figure in the origins of Socialism and Communism as they have been known in the twentieth century. A German of middle-class origins, he was educated as a philosopher but became a democratic revolutionary. Because of his revolutionary activities he found it necessary to leave Germany and to make his living as a journalist. In the mid-19840's, he became a socialist, entered into his long association with Friedrich Engels, and began his study of economics. The Communist Manifesto and Capital (commonly known by its German title, Das Kapital), written with Engels' collaboration, support, or assistance in various cases, became the key works for the evolution of Socialism and Communism in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
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